Intent in android

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Intents:

        Intent is an abstract description of operation to be performed.

    Intents are asynchronous messages which allow android components to request functionality from other components in the android system and it is also used to pass the control from one activity to another activity.

Intents are 2 types:

Explicit intents

Implicit intents

Explicit intents:

Explicit intents:

If we want to navigate control from one activity to another activity, we have to use explicit intents.

Intent i=new Intent(context c,class);
startActivity(i);


Download source code
http://www.4shared.com/rar/VseQTmEN/Intent.html

startActivityForResult():

it supports only for bi directional communication.

How to use this? You want to learn.... lets see this example

package com.example.intentresult;
//Srinivas Nidadavolu    //     www.mobengineers.com   //
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }
   
    public void GoNext(View v)
    {
       
        Intent i=new Intent(MainActivity.this,SecondActivity.class);
        startActivityForResult(i, 1); 
    }
}
activity_main.xml



why i have written startActivityForResult(i,1);

you know intent class is used to navigate from one activity to other activity. But, if we want to goback to previous activity, we have to get the result and pass it to next activity, with that result, we can move to back activity.

why i have written 1 as second parameter.

i.e  id of the intent. we can give any number here.

0 or 1 or 2 or 101 or 200 or..................... any number, not only these.

 

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="163dp"
        android:text="Button"
        android:onClick="GoNext"
         />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="31dp"
        android:text="Hello This is the first screen"
        android:textSize="25sp" />

</RelativeLayout>

 package com.example.intentresult;
//Srinivas Nidadavolu    //     www.mobengineers.com   //
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

public class SecondActivity extends Activity{

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.second);
    }
  
    public void GoBack(View v)
    {
        Intent i=new Intent();
        setResult(RESULT_OK,i);
        finish();
    }
   }
second.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Second Screen"
        android:textSize="25sp" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:onClick="GoBack"
        android:text="Go Back" />

</LinearLayout>

Ex:

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
    EditText et;
    String name;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
       
     et=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.editText1) ;
       
    }
   
    public void goToWelcome(View v)
    {
        if(et!=null && et.getText().length()!=0)
        {
        name = et.getText().toString();  
        }
        else
        {
            name="guest";
        }
        Intent i=new Intent(MainActivity.this,NextAct.class);
        i.putExtra("username", name);
        startActivity(i);
    }
}

package com.example.intent;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.TextView;

public class NextAct  extends Activity{

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.next);
        TextView tv=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView1);
       
        Intent i=getIntent();
        String usertext=(String) i.getSerializableExtra("username");
       
        tv.setText(usertext);
    }
   
   }

main.xml

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_marginRight="25dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="26dp"
        android:text="Enter Username" />

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/editText1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_below="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_marginLeft="26dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="26dp"
        android:hint="Enter Username"
        android:ems="10" >

        <requestFocus />
    </EditText>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/button1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/editText1"
        android:layout_below="@+id/editText1"
        android:layout_marginRight="77dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="43dp"
       
        android:onClick="goToWelcome"
        android:text="Go" />

</RelativeLayout>
next.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/textView1"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:layout_marginRight="104dp"
        android:layout_marginTop="97dp"
        android:text="TextView" />

</RelativeLayout>

 

Implicit Intents:

If we want to interact with default software components and hardware components, we have to use implicit intents.

for opening browser


Intent i=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,Uri.parse("http://www.mobengineers.com"));
startActivity(i);

we have to declare internet permission in manifest file.

for  calling number

Intent i=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL,Uri.parse("tel:9848012345"));
startActivity(i);

we have to declare permission for call in manifest file.
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"></uses-permission>


for opening camera
Intent i=new Intent("android.media.action.IMAGE_CAPTURE"));
startActivityForResult(i,0);